Can you board the high speed from Beijing to Shanghai with photocopy of the Chinese passport?

Hi, I'm Chinese working and living in the U.S. for the past 12 years. I don't have the 2nd generation Chinese ID since I don't live in China. But I don't have U.S. passport either. My passport will be in the U.S. embassy for a few days. Can I board these fast trains with the copy of my Chinese passport.

Only until recently I realize China still treats differently for people who carrying Chinese passport and non-Chinese passport. So my situation is unfortunately stuck in the middle.

Does anyone have the relevant experience or know the details? Please help. Thank you!

Xiaoli