Tourist visa for U.S. citizen with permanent residence in Nicaragua

Hello, I'm a US citizen living in Nicaragua. However I have a "cedula de residencia" for Nicaragua. Is it possible to travel to San Jose and obtain a L type for mainland china in one day? If I submit my information before 11am, what time the next day could I have my U.S. passport? Is it true that we can ask for a 10 year one now? One last question, what all do I need to bring with me to submit with the application? (Since I will be traveling to San Jose from Managua and only staying for one day and I don't want to leave anything behind....my travel to China is planned for the last week of February) Thank You!