Apply for X1 from the third country

Hello, I am a citizen of Turkmenistan. This year I just graduated from China. I would like to continue my study in Chinese language long term corse. I already applied for it and have got my admission letter and JW202 form. When I wanted to apply for visa in China，an exit and entry administration bureau staffs asked me to go out of China to apply for it and come back with new X1. Because, that I already graduated.
MY QUESTION IS:
1. Can I apply for it from Malaysia or any Southeast Asian countries?
2. What is my chances that I will get it?
Your any suggestions will be highly appreciated.
Thank you in advance