can i apply ''l''/''f'' visa from other country, like india?

It is impossible for you to apply and get visa from India. An applicant holding a passport other than Indian passport should provide the original and a copy of their permanent residence or work permit which should be valid for at least half a year (except for those who are visa or permit exempt for residing or working in India); You come to India for about 15 days, you can't provide Indian permanent residence or work permit.

Dear sir/madam,I'm sorry. I'm not clear. Please let me know more clear. my nationality is bangladeshi. very soon i am going to india will stay there about 15 dayes. and then i want to go china from india,so, is it possible to apply and get chinese visa from india? and what kinds od documents need?

As Miles replied, you can't apply for a China business visa in India if you are just a temporary visitor to India. If you work or reside in India and hold an Indian residence permit or work permit, it is possible for you to get a China business visa in India. You just stay in INDIA for 15 days, you are a temporary visitor to India, why don't you apply for China visa in Bangladesh or the country where you reside?

Dear sir,
Many thanks for your important information.Actually my time is very tight and I want to save time, so I want to apply visa from india. Is it possible get tourist visa from india?
Thanks and wait for your kind replay.

It is impossible for you to get a China tourist visa in India, either