The fast way from Shanghai to Beijing is by air. The air ticket fare ranges according to the flight. You can look at Shanghai flights(https://www.travelchinaguide.com/china-flights/cheap-shanghai-flights.htm) to find details.
Or you can go to Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station to take bullet train to Beijing. It costs CNY409 for first class seat and CNY327 for second class seat. See Shanghai Train Schedule(https://www.travelchinaguide.com/china-trains/shanghai-schedule.htm) , you will clear about it.