Answered by Borut | May. 18, 2023 15:40
It all depends on the itinerary she/he will take based on the immediate points before and after Shanghai. If the immediate points before and after Shanghai are in different countries or eligible territories then she/he does not need a visa. Quite the contrary if the immediate points are in the same country / eligible territory, then a visa is a must. This is an example of itinerary eligible for 144 hour visa free transit:
Los Angeles - Shanghai - Hong Kong - Los Angeles
or
Los Angeles - Shanghai - Tokyo - Los Angeles
Examples of not eligible itinerary (where a visa would be necessary):
Los Angeles - Shanghai - Los Angeles
or
Los Angeles - Tokyo - Shanghai - Tokyo - Los Angeles
So, if she/he can arrange a flight itinerary to have immediate points before and after Shanghai in two different countries or eligible territories (eligible territories are Hong Kong,Taiwan and Macau who act as countries in this regard), she/he does not need a visa and if this is not the case, a visa is a must.