Im a filipino, I want to have a tourist L type for shanghai china.

Here is my situation. Im finish my contract here in qatar this coming July 2017. I want to go to Shanghai China for tourist only. I dont have any relatives and families there. Here is my question:
1. Can I apply tourist L type here in qatar to go to china?
2. Im not going back again here in Qatar after my tour in china, is it possible can I get visa here in Qatar to make tour in china?
3. My plan is when I go back home in Philippines, after 1 day or maximum of 2 days I go to china. Is this possible or not?
4. What are the requirements I need to prepare for application proccess?
5. How much budget I need to process my visa.

Hoping that you can help. Thank you very much!