What is the process in acquiring a VISA going to China? I am a Philippine resident, my employer wants me to go to China ASAP. Who needs to process the VISA? And what kind of VISA do we need?

You need to apply for a work visa (Z visa) in the Philippines if you want to work in China. Your employer should obtain the Alien Employment License and Invitation Letter of Duly Authorized Unit or Confirmation Letter of Invitation, then send the 2 documents to you for Z visa application. Without them, you can't get a Z visa to China.