Fly from Europe

Yes, it is allowed to use 144 hour visa free transit. Please, use correct terminology. This is not 144 hours visa, but a transit (travel without a visa)!

Your itinerary:

Paris - one Chinese transit zone - Amsterdam

Is definitely eligible for 144 hour visa free transit, but you are warned that your flights to and from China have to be non stop flights!

Also, you will print out your flight tickets and your accommodation booking for at least for the first overnight in China and you will bring those printouts with you.