Do I need to show my passport to travel by bus from Guangzhou to Shenzhen?

Yes, you need to show your passport for possible checks.

The nearest bus station to Provincial Bus Station near GZ Railway Station. Take metro line 2 from Yuexiu Park Station to GZ Railway Station, Exit F. Then, take a bus to Shenzhen Luohu. Have a good day! :)

Thanks for your answer Henry, but I'm afraid I cannot show my passport as it will still in my embassy, my plan is to extend my passport in GZ and come back to Shenzhen first as it will take 3days to finish my new passport,
Is there any way to go to Shenzhen from GZ without passport? Or is it possible if I just show the copy passport?

Hi, dear! You need to present your passport when travelling by air or train. But you needn't show your passport when taking the bus. Don't worry! ;)

Oh, great! Thanks Mia, I will go ahead with the bus then :)