Private Tour compared to Group Tour.

Mark, I don't think you really need to worry about this. It's your freedom to decide how much to give to the tour guides and the driver. And I don't think that the tour guide and the driver will discuss about the tips they receive. So you needn't worry that the driver will learn that he receives less money and get angry. It's ok for you to tip them according to their service.

thank you for your reply. Much appreciated.

I agree with all who reply. Coming from a country that does not practice tipping, I would like to offer the other perspective. When I travel, I would follow the guidelines listed for Western countries including those Australia and NZ. That is because the cost of living there is usually higher. However, China is a different story. You can't avoid tipping in group tours. It is a standard amount collected per person. There is no need to tip for short taxi trips. But if you get a driver for 3 to 4 hours long journeys, I believe it is already factored in if you are not following the meter. But if you want to tip for good attitude, tip out of your heart and with wisdom. Many tourists apply the same guidelines of their home countries without taking the costs of living into consideration. The locals know and earmark Westerners to serve earnestly while less wealthy Asians are given different treatment. Sadly, I see the same treatment in Europe and in my country as well. I always believe it is the duty of a service provider to provide good service.