Colombian teacher living in the USA (non-green card holder), how to apply for visa for China?

I have lived in the US for the last 8 years. I have worked as a teacher all the time here in the USA. I would like to apply to a teaching position position in China through an International Teaching Company.

1) What kind would I need?
2) Since I live in Texas, which one would be the US consulate to send my papers to?

Thanks.