Transfer from Guangzhou to Shanghai

Hello, I plan to fly from Phnom Penh (Cambodia) via Guangzhou to Shanghai (no direct flight). I want to stay 2 days in Shanghai and then fly to Amsterdam.
I will only land in Guangzhou for my transfer from the international flight out of Cambodia to a national flight towards Shanghai. I will leave the airport in Shanghai. Can I make use of the 72hrs transit permit in this case?