PUDONG AIRPORT to LINYI by Bus.

As you plan to go to Linyi in Shandong, there is no direct bus from Pudong Aiport to Linyi. So, you need to go to the Shanghai Long Distance Bus Station.
There are two long distance bus stations and which are located near the Shanghai Railway Station and the Shanghai South Railway Station seperately. Both of them have buses for Linyi.

The Shanghai Long Distance General Bus Station (上海长途汽车总站), you need to take the airport shuttle bus line 5 to reach the Shanghai Railway Station, which is close to the bus station. About 2 hours, there is a bus leaving for Linyi. If you want to go to the Shanghai South Long Distance Bus Station （上海南站长途客运站）, you need to take the shuttle bus line 7 to reach the Shanghai South Railway Station, the terminal, and then you can find the bus station. The buses leave at 07:32, 18:31, 19:12 and 20:20. All the buses will take you about 8 hours to reach Linyi from Shanghai.
If you want to book the tickets in advance, only the Shanghai South Long Distance Bus station (http://www.ctnz.net/) has this kind of service and you can book it online. The other bus station does not provide this, so you need to buy it at the station.