german citizen needs to get a visa for china

Hello! I am a german student currently studying in Beijing (I have a F-Visa for six month right now).
I am travelling to Japan (Tokyo) in August for 25 days. Starting from September I am going to study in Chengdu, Sichuan province, China for 12 month.

I want to know if I can get a student-visa (X) in Japan. I have all the relevant documents for applying a long-term X-Visa with multiple entry.

If student visa is not possible, I want to know if I can get ANY type of Visa to return to China (because I know I could apply for a long-term Visa in Chengdu, later).