Can I visit Shaolin Temple from Beijing and Get back to beijing the same day?

Well, the time is too tight to come back in the same day. Thus you are advised to prepare for two days.
Take bullet train from Beijing West Railway Station and get off at Zhengzhou East Railway Station first. It takes around 3 hours on the way. Then take a taxi to Zhengzhou Railway Station.After arriving, there are many coaches that can take you to the destination directly. In addition, the return way is the same.