Visa for a training in china

If it's a short time training, maybe your friend can apply for tourist L type for that, and the requirements are a filled-out application form affixed with 2 passport-style photos, passport and its photocopy, the invitation letter, travel plan, bank statement, tax certificate, identity card, as well as other documents the consular officers consider necessary.

What is the process of appointment for submission of requirements? Is there any online appointment in Chinese embassy here in the Philippines?

You don't have to do any online appointment in Chinese embassy for the application. You can go there directly after you have all right documents.