France - Shanghai - Japan - Shanghai (transit) - Back to France (home country)

I'm an exchange student in Shanghai right now, i plan to go to Japan before going back to my home country (France). Is it possible to use the 72h visa exemption in Shanghai in that case ?
I mean, i'll like to take my plane from Japan then go in Shanghai only to take the flight departing to France (within the 72h of course).

My ticket plane for going back to France is already booked but not my tickets planes for Japan.

Can I use the 72 hour transit permit?