Is it possible for an Israeli guy to get a visa to China in Bangkok even if it's his first visit?

I think Hong Kong should be better. But it is also possible for you to get it in Bangkok and New Zealand. In Hong Kong, you can either get one from the Visa Office of the Commissioner of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China in Hong Kong SAR or with the help of the travel agency CTS. BTW, the visa is usually valid for three months beginning the issuing date. Sp you'd better not apply for it too early. Also, a single-entry visa usually allows one to stay in China for 30 days. If you want to stay longer in China, you can extend it within China before the expiration.