I am a Belgian student at Jiao Tong Da Xue in Shanghai and just got married.What type of visa can my husband (Belgian) apply for to join me while I study?What type of documents does he need?

Your husband can apply for Tourist Visa (L visa) for family visit, you need to send him the invitation letter with the copy of your passport and China residence permit. The marriage certificate is very helpful for him to get L visa for family visit. But this visa only permits him to stay in China for 90 days at most, if he still wants to stay longer, he can try to apply for visa extension before the visa expires at the Exit-Entry Administrative Bureau of Shanghai Public Security Bureau.