Ms.Mieke, you can apply for Chinese visa in Indonesia or get a visa on arrival at the entry ports of Shenzhen, generally speaking, it is easy to get a visa on arrival at entry ports of Shenzhen, it is valid for 5 days at most and it only permits you stay in Shenzhen, you can't use it to enter other parts of Mainland China. For Indonesians, I can't sure that you can certainly get the visa on arrival.

Hereunder is my experience:
When you go by train you will find at the China side just before the immigration a stairs that goes up and there is a small office where you can apply for a China Visa. Again this visa is only valid for 5 days and it’s a single entry. It takes about 10 minutes and you are on your way. Again no photo needed. It also costs you 100 HK$.